TEKA

IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNIFICANT FACTORS IN THE PROCESS OF GRAIN MIXTURES SEPARATION ON CYLINDRICAL SIEVE

S. Kharchenko — 2022-05-05

The efficiency of post-harvest processing of grain mixtures determines the quality and safety of food grain and seed material. Drum separators with cylindrical sieves are common machines used for pre-cleaning of grain heaps with high humidity and clogging. The problem with the use of drum separators with horizontally located cylindrical sieves is their insufficient productivity due to the low contact area of the grain material with the surface of the sieve. The analysis of design features of this type of machines has been carried out in the work, the results of researches of increase of efficiency of work of drum separators have been determined.

The analysis allowed to discover ways of increasing the efficiency of the process of cleaning grain materials on cylindrical sieves which have been brought to a common classification.

It has been established that changing the location of elongated holes relative to the axis of rotation is a promising way to improve the design of the sieves. For further research in this area, the parameters of the process of cleaning grain mixtures are identified, which are significant and affect the technological efficiency.

ABOUT THE DYNAMICS OF HETEROGENEOUS FINE-GRAINED MIXTURE ON A FLAT VIBROSIEVE

V. Olshanskii — 2022-05-05

With the use of two-parameter rheological dependence, the reserved formulas shown out for the calculation
of speed of grain stream and productivity of vibrosieve on tails faction. As well as in other continual models, tangent
tension in mixture, with its shear motion is accepted proportional to the velocity shear strain at its motion of change,
but additionally also taken into account the residual friction. It is set proportional internal overpressure in the
mixture. Heterogeneity of fine-grained mixture on the thickness of mobile layer characterizes variables by porosity
(or by specific mass) and dynamic coefficient of vibroviscidity. Distributing of concentration of grains, whether to
porosity, on the thickness of separated layer it is accepted dependency upon the type of speed of grain stream, so
that, where a most rate of movement is, most porosity answers a transversal co-ordinate, and to the least – the least.
For the variant of linear change of coefficient of vibroviscidity pseudo rarefied grain mixture on the height of its
layer worked out a differential equation of the second order after variable coefficients in relation to the rate of
movement. In the reserved form, it is built analytical decision, which satisfies the given boundary conditions. In a
result, speed of grain stream and productivity of vibrosieve after stair faction is expressed through the modified
Bessel functions. Therefore, for the leadthrough of engineering calculations, it is possible to use these special
function tables. It is shown that from the removed formulas, as a result of limit transition as separate cases, come up
the known dependences received earlier for calculation of the movement of grain mixture with linearly variable
coefficient of vibroviscidity. Carrying out calculations constructed profiles of speed of a grain stream. They little
differ from rectilinear for the chosen option of change of coefficient of vibroviscidity. On numerical examples,
influence of values of rheological constants on distribution of porosity and on kinematic characteristics of a grain
stream is analyzed. It is shown that settlement results significantly depend on values of constants of model.

STUDY OF LIGHT TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN LED LAMPS

M. Goshko — 2022-05-05

Every year the issue of energy saving and energy efficiency is becoming more and more relevant. There are a
number of reasons for this, among which one candistin guish:
- shortage of energy resources in Ukraine;
- reduction o fnatural resources;
- rising prices for energy imports;
- annualincreaseinel ectricity consumption.
Nuclear power plants, which today produce almost 60%, in 2017 reduced electricity production by 0.9%
compared to the previous year to 87.6 billion kilowatt-hours.
So the problem of energy conservation has a global scale. Up to 20% of the total electricity consumption in the
industry falls on electric lighting. One of the ways to increase energy efficiency is to modernize the lighting.
A few years ago, the introduction of LED-type lamps was too expensive, so it's not effective. There fore, we
decided to experiment experimentally with the introduction of different types of lamps, and to compare their economic
expediency in time. But the situation in the market is changing, the cost of LEDs is reduced, as well as the irel ectricity
consumption.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE DIMENSIONS OF THE SLIDE-LIKE ELECTRIC FRICTION SEPARATOR SURFACE FOR SEPARATION OF WINTER PAPESEED

O. Shvets — 2022-05-05

The article presents the results of the development of the theoretical determination of the optimum dimensions
of the surface of the electric friction slide-like separator for the parting of difficult-to-separate impurities or poor-
quality (fragile, with different degrees of shell damage) seeds from the seed mixture.
On the basis of a theoretical analysis of possible cases of the movement of particles of seed mixtures along a
moving inclined surface with an electric field superimposed on it, it was established that the determining parameters
that affect the path traveled by the seeds up or down the separator web, are the seeds, the angle of inclination of the
plane α, the movement velocity V e , the radius r, the mass m of the seed and the value of the electric force F e , as a result
of the impact of the applied electric field. It is thanks to the additional impact of the electric force that it becomes
possible to significantly reduce the distance of low-quality seeds rolling along the surface and increase the path they
travel along with the surface in the direction of its movement.
The obtained analytical dependences make it possible to determine the minimum distance from the edge of the
surface to the line of seed supply to it. For technological reasons, these distances should be increased due to the fact
that they may come into contact with seeds that roll down, and due to the presence of rounded areas at the ends of the
operating area of the surface, formed by the location of drive and tension rollers of a certain diameter.
As a result of the research, it was established that in order to carry out the technological process of rapeseed
separation with the intention to separate low-quality (weak and of different damage degress) seeds, the working length
of the surface of the electric friction slide-like separator should be 0.6 m.